The Relationship Between Terrorist Organizations And Drug...

Summary The relationship between terrorist organizations and drug cartels creates a unique challenge for financial institutions and government entities. The two criminal organizations work together to capitalize on their specific skills or assets (Noriega, 2015). In addition, the globalization of business trade, communications, and logistics has aided in their expanded growth and sophistication (Noriega, 2015). This creates a large and complex web of relationships, criminal activity, and financial transactions that are difficult to detect, deter and prosecute. As documented in the National Terrorist Financing Risk Assessment of 2015, the â€Å"ongoing links between drug trafficking networks and terrorist organizations, and their facilitators continue to present a residual terrorist funding risk to the United States through â€Å"narco-terrorism† (Department of the Treasury, 2015). To demonstrate the complex web of persons, money, and illegal commerce, organized crime in Chi na has collaborated with Mexican drug cartels in extortion, drug trafficking, human trafficking and money laundering (Ellis, 2012). This flow of illegal activity has filtered into the United States and Canada through their semi-porous borders (Ellis, 2012). It is estimated that between $18-$39 billion dollars is sent back to Mexico each year from illegal activities (Perkins, Placido, 2010). These funds are then laundered through various means, both within the United States and abroad. One potential link wasShow MoreRelatedUnited States Department Of State1748 Words   |  7 Pagesclassifies 58 different organizations as foreign terrorist organizations (US DOS). Of those 58 FTOs only one is located in South America, and none are located in Mexico. Despite the lack of official FTOs in Mexico, non-state violence is at an all-time high and the country is more dangerous than ever. This is because of the presence and prevalence of drug cartels throughout the country. These drug cartels employ violent tactics as part of their drug trafficking network. But these cartels are more than justRead MoreDrug Trafficking1134 Words   |  5 PagesThe international drug trade from Latin American states is having an impact on a global scale. The trafficking of drugs along with corruptness and murder is an international conflict that is being fought daily. There are many aspects of the drug war from Mexico and other Latin American states which have effects on United States policy as well as policies from other countries that participate in the global suppression of illegal drugs. It can be hard to differentiate between conflict and issueRead MoreEssay on Mexican/Latin American â€Å"War† on Drugs and Trafficking1122 Words   |  5 PagesThe international drug trade from Latin American states is having an impact on a global scale. The trafficking of drugs along with corruptness and murder is an international conflict that is being fought daily. There are many aspects of the drug war from Mexico and other Latin American states which have effects on United States policy as well as policies from other countries that participate in the global suppression of illegal drugs. It can be hard to differentiate between conflict and issue inRead MoreLinda Jessica Campbell Of The Dea Essay881 Words   |  4 Pagesboarder security she was attached to our office to provide insight into drug and border policy. She splits time between DC and El Paso. She stared her career in the Houston office before transferring to the El Paso division where she work mainly on Mexican drug trafficking, heroine specifically. She just began her attachment to out office in January and is assisting us with current homeland security budget and bill relating to drugs, heroin in particular, and boarder security. In Houston and El PasoRead MoreDrug Cartels And The United States1688 Words   |  7 Pagessituation in Mexico regarding the Drug Cartels has been an ongoing battle that has taken the life of between 30,000 to 40,000 civilians, cartels henchmen and federal employees. The violence has evolved into something new in recent years. The brutality contributed by the drug cartels could potentially be labeled as terrorist acts. The strong domestic conflict surrounding the drug cartel in Mexico has boiled over the border and into the United States. Illegal drugs enter the United States through variousRead MoreMexico : The United States And The Economy Of North America1758 Words   |  8 PagesINTRODUCTION: The relationship with Mexico is vital to the United States and the economy of North America. It is one that cannot be ignored or treated with carelessness, especially in the regions where it has impact on the lives and livelihood of millions of people. September 11, 2001 changed the way the United States would secure its borders from neighboring Canada and Mexico, and those who enter it with the intent to do harm, forever. The border with Mexico in particular became a matter of specialRead More The Relationship of Terrorism and Drugs Essay894 Words   |  4 PagesThe Relationship of Terrorism and Drugs Terrorism has many and varied links to the drug trade. Terrorists may use drugs for funding of their cause; may include drugs as part of their cause, as in Peru; or terrorism may be the result of the drug trade, as it is in Columbias Extraditables and Italys mafia. With the many linkages between the two crimes it seems that to crackdown on one you must crackdown on the other. The ties between the two are such that enforcement of one will hurt theRead MoreWar On Drugs : A Comparative Analysis Of Human Rights Violation1339 Words   |  6 PagesRichard Stahler-Sholk PLSC 367 07 April 2016 War on drugs or a war on people ? A comparative analysis of human rights violation in Latin America Ever since the War on Drugs campaign began there has been a more complex relationship between the U.S and Latin America. While the media portrays the U.S as providing aid to Latin America to combat such issues, the U.S is also seen as a victim in the war on drugs. Over the course of the war on drugs numerous human rights violations have been reportedRead MoreHuman Trafficking : A Serious Crime And A Direct Violation Of Human Rights1138 Words   |  5 Pagesinternational relations. Also, the United States has formed fostering reforms as a way to crack down on human trafficking/smuggling. Details: †¢ Substantiation: †¢ Established in 2001 - Safe Horizon’s Anti-Trafficking Program (ATP) is one of the many organizations used today to help survivors of human trafficking in the United States. This program is available for any gender including males, females, and transgender, but is also offered for children who have been forced to work against their will. The programRead MoreStrategic Safety Plan In Article, Toward a New Trilateral Strategic Security Relationship: United States, Canada, and Mexico721 Words   |  3 PagesToward a New Trilateral Strategic Security Relationship: United States, Canada, and Mexico The article â€Å"Toward a New Trilateral Strategic Security Relationship† written by Richard J. Kilroy, Jr., Abelardo Rodrà ­guez Sumano and Todd S. Hataley, published in the Journal of Strategic Security; introduces the idea(s) of a trilateral strategic security relationship between the United States, Canada, and Mexico. The term trilateral means to involve or share three parties, therefore this is a perfect term

The Cause and Effect of Joining a Gang with reference to...

The Cause and Effect of Joining a Gang with reference to Mara Salvatrucha 13 According to the Cambridge Dictionary (n.d.), a gang is defined as, â€Å"a group of criminals that work together.† Gangs are a powerful force that is a constant threat against society. As of 2011, the National Gang Center (n.d.) estimates there to be 782,500 gang members in the United States alone. Mara Salvatrucha 13, also known as MS-13, is one of the biggest and most threatening gangs. The High Intensity Drug Trafficking Area (HIDTA) (n.d.) believes Mara Salvatrucha 13 to have an estimated 10,000 members in the United States and several thousand other members in Central America. Joining a gang is justified by the need for protection, money, and promoting a†¦show more content†¦A gang takes care of its members and ensures they have the opportunity to live comfortably. Regarding protection and money, joining a gang such as Mara Salvatrucha 13 is the ideal choice of â€Å"occupation† for an immigrant. The final categorical reason to join a gang is to promote one’s self image. Self image deals less with the concept of surviving and more directly with personal choice. Joining a gang is not necessarily the most logical decision or worth the consequences, but it appears cool, tough, and obligatory to certain individuals, especially to residents in the cities. Tattoos, graffiti, specific clothing articles, and hand signs are some of the most common ways gangs identify themselves. According to HIDTA (n.d.) Mara Salvatrucha 13 members commonly have MS-13 or MSXII tattooed somewhere on their bodies. Bigger tattoos generally represent greater gang involvement (n.d.). Graffiti of similar symbols to the gang’s tattoos are used to mark their territory. With regards to attire, a blue or black bandana around the wrist, head, or neck is often associated with Mara Salvatrucha 13 members (n.d.). Members like wearing blue sports jerseys of a player with the number thirteen, t hree, or twenty-three (n.d.). Air Jordan hats are worn because the logo resembles their hand sign, â€Å"devil horns,† which is a modification of the â€Å"rock on† sign (n.d.). The thumb holds

Eva Smiths Essay Example For Students

Eva Smiths Essay The inspector build tension up tension between the Birlings family at a early stage, by questioning each character and making a clear justified point, to their unlawful acts of selfishness used on Eva Smith. JB Priestly uses the inspector to show his audiences, how problematic and arrogant middle class men and women were during that period of time. The inspector in the play has an important role, in the play which can be identified as the person who encourages each character, to acknowledge their guilt for Eva Smiths death. Which leads some character to face up to what they did. The first appearance of the inspector in act 1, it is seen that the inspector is hovering over the characters. As the audience reading the book or watching the play it is seen, that the inspector is creating an impression of, solidity and determination to get to the bottom of this incident. This is shown by the inspector refusing to let, Gerald see the photograph. The inspectors eagerness in making sure that Gerald sees the photograph, he says that he likes to work this way (act1, pg12) One person and one line of inquiry at a time. His spoken language is spoken attentively with a intriguing tone and a confusing look. Takes a photograph about a postcard and goes to Mr Birling (act1, pg12). Once he has shown the photograph he stares firmly at Mr Birling then begins to question him, by giving his new information such as hinting out that she worked for him. In act 2 when the inspector has questioned Sheila, he turns to Mrs Birling he speaks to her with a controlled steady tone, but gradually it changes negatively and becomes more challenging as you can see by his approach She came to you for help, at a time when no woman could have needed it more (act2, pg45). The inspector is trying to force Mrs Birling to admit her part, in Eva Smiths death. The inspector speech to Mrs Birling is powerful and persuasive. JB Priestly has shown many ways to how the Inspector helps to build tension, up amongst the characters when questioning them. The inspector helps the character to confront their own weaknesses, which makes them feel shocked and guilty. At the beginning of the play the atmosphere at the Birlings is lively, because of Shelia and Geralds engagement do. With great amazement it is suddenly changed, when there is a knock on the door. Before the appearance of the inspector the audience can tell Mr Birling acts a very self-confident and smug. He believes strongly in a capitalist world. JB Priestly has shown that the Mr Birling can be a well spoken, confident person who likes to speak and share his thoughts, to society but what he does not know how his actions affect others. You can tell this from his speech, before the inspector makes an appearance. (act1, pg9, 10) Man has to make his own way, has to look after himself and his family too he does not consider the harm he causes to other people with his attitude. In act 1 Mr Birling refuses to accept any responsibility, for Eva Smiths death. He becomes increasing annoyed by the inspectors questioning. (act1, pg14) Still I cant accept any responsibility shows that he has an honest approach to life he, tells the inspector that he wouldnt listen to Eva Smiths demand for a wage rise I refused and is surprised why anyone should question why he refused. (act1, pg15) JB Priestly has shown what Mr Birling is like, and to what approach can be effective towards him to see his real personality this was done by the inspector questioning him briefly. .ucee447987f63a29366855f2555003357 , .ucee447987f63a29366855f2555003357 .postImageUrl , .ucee447987f63a29366855f2555003357 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ucee447987f63a29366855f2555003357 , .ucee447987f63a29366855f2555003357:hover , .ucee447987f63a29366855f2555003357:visited , .ucee447987f63a29366855f2555003357:active { border:0!important; } .ucee447987f63a29366855f2555003357 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ucee447987f63a29366855f2555003357 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ucee447987f63a29366855f2555003357:active , .ucee447987f63a29366855f2555003357:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ucee447987f63a29366855f2555003357 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ucee447987f63a29366855f2555003357 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ucee447987f63a29366855f2555003357 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ucee447987f63a29366855f2555003357 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ucee447987f63a29366855f2555003357:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ucee447987f63a29366855f2555003357 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ucee447987f63a29366855f2555003357 .ucee447987f63a29366855f2555003357-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ucee447987f63a29366855f2555003357:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Henry Ford (1898 words) EssayIn the beginning Sheila is seen as an, immature girl who follows others. She is very pleased with life (act1, pg2) She is young attractive, her happiness is soon to be destroyed, as is her faith in her family. I think she had been accompanied all her life and she followed others, but once the inspector makes an unexpected appearance it all changes. She realises that she has some sort of connection with, Eva Smith and thats when the guilt starts to rule over her. She begins to feel distressed and sympathetic towards the death by wanting to accept the blame. Sheila seems really focused unlike the other characters, in wanting to know what happened to her and is willing to help by being honest to the inspector. Once the inspector has questioned Shelia, he says to her So you used the power? (act1, pg24) Sheila says Oh I wish you hadnt told me (act1, pg17) this shows that he is pulling Sheila down. When the inspector speaks to Sheila, he speaks to her by giving her a lot of guilt and self-doubt, which makes Sheila re-question her integrity, to what she did and thought. For instance the inspector says to Sheila cheap labour (act1, pg19).

Entrepreneurial Motivation and Intentions

Question: Discuss about the Entrepreneurial Motivation and Intentions. Answer: Introduction: The ability and enthusiasm to develop, systematize and administer a business enterprise along with its risks makes an entrepreneur out of a person. A successful entrepreneur is he who makes profit in his business despite numerous risk factors and sets an example for the rest. The spirit of entrepreneurship is distinguished by risk-taking factor and innovation as well as surviving in the increasingly competitive and ever changing global marketplace (Starak, n.d.). Many have attempted to attach the luck factor behind the success of the entrepreneurs since there is no assurance that the venture will work in favor (Wolan, 2012). Among some of the exceptionally successful young entrepreneurs in the world who have risen to fame since the last decade, Evan Williams is a vibrant name of them all (MacArthur, 2016). This American internet entrepreneur has founded numerous website companies, three of them being most popular ones. Having cofounded three digital publishing giants such as Twitter, Blogger and Medium, Williams has established his name in the worlds top ten entrepreneurs (Brown, 2014). This essay discusses whether the extraordinary success of Williams relies on his luck or the innovative ways adopted by him. The essay also concentrates on his previous unsuccessful ventures and the reasons why they had been failed. To discuss one specific exemplary entrepreneur, I have chosen Evan Williams, as he is one of the very few self-made billionaires in the world who have achieved such highs in a small period (Cowan, 2011). He is presently the monarch of internet industry having contributions behind most popular blogging sites. In fact, blogging, which has been the latest trend, coined its name from Evan Williams while founding Blogger (Blogger.com, 2017). I choose him also because he is a youth icon in the industry of internet and more because his career shows how failure can be fought back with success. His journey of entrepreneurship inspires me like many other common young fellows. Evan Williams, a dropout from the University of Nebraska took up jobs in various technology companies and start-up firms. This youth sensation in the world of internet was born on 31 March 1972 in the town of Clarks, Nebraska (MacArthur, 2016). He has a very ordinary background of a farming family and joined the University of Nebraska for some time but did not finish his degree and dropped out in the middle to pursue the career of his own choice. Although Williams joined his family occupation of soybean farming early in his life, he had grown interest in learning computer code and this became the turning point in his life (Taylor, 2013). Soon he left his study and his family profession only to pursue a line of business in information system. However, initially Williams was busy in writing codes of computer programming as well as freelancing for Intel and Hewlett-Packard. It was the time, when he went for his first joined venture of founding Pyra Labs along with Meg Hourihan (Wolan, 2012). Besides this, he also tried his luck in founding several other business enterprises in the field of information technology like Blogger. While Pyra Labs did not reach the success and after Hourihans departure the company ended up being merged with Google in 2003, Blogger paved a new path of blogging and it was the first of its kind. In fact, Williams invented the expression blogger and it was he, who popularized the term blog immensely (Blogger.com, 2017). To discuss whether Evans first success in such an early age was due to any innovative business idea or it was sheer luck factor that had worked in his favor. The first thing that he did right was to co-found Blogger with Meg Hourihan, who is considered to be as one of the top innovators in the world (Brown, 2014). Now this was rather his choice of people to work with than his luck. Next, he took on great challenge in launching blogger from his start-up company Pyra Labs, which would have backfired; however, here it can be said that fortunately he had the right idea at the right moment to start Blogger with. It is said that fortune works for those who dare to take chances and in launching blogger, Evan Williams had the very innovative as well as contemporary idea to launch software for personal blogging (Falzani, 2014). However, the facts that Williams had given all his effort not only behind developing his new venture but also in popularizing the concept of blogging minimize the glor y of just being lucky in success. However, despite the success of Blogger, which was merged with Google, Williams left Google in 2004 only to co-found another business venture Odeo, which was a podcast company (Gannes, 2006). Two years later Williams went for co-founding another enterprise named Obvious Corp. with Biz Stone. However, both these ventures did not become success; in 2007 Sonic Mountain acquired Odeo and Obvious Corp. saw the ray of success only with the project of Twitter launched in the market (Taylor, 2013). Apart from the bright side of Twitters success, it is also important to concentrate on Odeos unexpected failure. Behind the failure of Odeo many people hint at the idea that Williams, who saw the success of Blogger failed in Odeo because his fortune did not favor. Apparently, this seems true because after the successful running of Blogger there was no reason for Odeos failure. In fact, Odeo received a chance of demonstration at the prestigious TED Conference and the news of this was even printed in the front page of the leading daily New York Times, which had built suitable platform for Odeos success (Gannes, 2006). Unfortunately, the performance of this podcast company did not meet the expectations of Williams and others. However, Evan himself refutes any mention of misfortune responsible for his failure; rather he finds out some significant gaps in his thought that resulted in disaster for the company (Gompers et al., 2017). He unhesitatingly confessed that with Bloggers success an d the initial outstanding response received for Odeo, he himself had become bloated and hence, unfocused. He ignored most of the business rules such starting tiny and starting narrow and attempted to make something extraordinary out of the new venture (Brown, 2014). The next reason stated by Williams was that Odeo lacked unique recording tools and podcasting of people like himself who were popular among the youth. With ordinary standard of entertainment, Odeo met its fate. Besides, it lacked the innovative factor like Blogger and Williams failed to realize that in the primary stage he should not eye for competing with Apple in the long term. As discussed above that taking chances and challenges goes in favor of success but it cannot be denied that too much of anything also spoils the good (Falzani, 2014). The same happened with Odeo when Williams invested a huge amount of money from his own and hired numerous people at the very primary stage. This was unnecessary and backfired for W illiams by drowning his confidence in listening to his instinct and doing what it says. However, soon after this, Twitter generated with the idea of micro-blogging service as well as the increasingly popular concept of social networking with Orkut and Facebook. Twitter was one of the ambitious projects of Obvious Corp., which later became separated from the parent company and spun into a new one in 2007. Williams was the co-founder of it along with Jack Dorsey, Biz Stone and Noah Glass as well as he was one of the major investors of Twitter. The idea of bringing social networking and online news together hit the right cord of peoples mind and soon it became one of the most popular and most-visited sites. The stock price of twitter is ever rising and although Williams had stepped down from the position of CEO in Twitter, he is still a board member and holds position of considerable significance in Twitter. Behind Twitters popularity, several things worked including its SMS-based platform and its context based limited format. Proposed by Jack Dorsey, Twitter was given a green signal from Evan Williams and Biz Stone since Williams was right in identifying the possibility of a personalized yet global interaction medium and took the appropriate decision in choosing his co-founders. As an entrepreneur, Williams have always been ahead of conventional thinking and he is known for his brave steps taken throughout his entrepreneurial career. Considering the luck factor behind Williams success in Twitter, it will be wrong if the aspect of fortune is completely denied. Much of Twitters success at present relies on its brand name as well as its influential and powerful users because of whom twitter has been a platform of public interest. Here it can be said that without lucks favor it seems difficult to gain such huge popularity among worlds most influential and followed personalities due to which twitter rose to fame. However, if analysis is performed on why twitter happened to gain such recognition it will be seen that the Twitter itself had the potential in its form and personalized brief format on a social networking platform. Besides, twitter is designed in with quite different features than those of its competitors in the market and this distinct quality of it has helped to survive and succeed. This exceptional success of Williams deserves special analysis of his innovative and unique self. If any specific characteristic of Williams is to be highlighted his determination and enthusiasm as an entrepreneur comes in front. After the massive failure of Odeo, his much ambitious start-up he did not even think to adopt safe measures; rather he himself identified where he went wrong (Wahee Bhardwaj, 2014). He co-founded Twitter under Obvious Corp. and proved a successful entrepreneur is he, who keeps taking chances though wisely and does not have the fear of failure (Cowan, 2011). Another quality in Williams character that is worth mentioning here is that he is capable of being indifferent towards both success and failure. As he was not bothered by his failure of Odeo, he did not hesitate to step down from the position of CEO for the sake of being attached with product strategy, which is his core passion (Taylor, 2013). As it is known that luck favors the brave, this ingrained bol d nature in Williams character definitely has affected his luck. His determination and ability to take wise decisions at the right moment has not allowed his luck to be a hindrance to success. Debating on luck and innovation, it must be stated that entrepreneurship is synonymous to take risks and success capitulates to those who has the courage to overcome them with their prudence and to some extent intuition. This risk-taking attitude is omnipresent in the very character of Evan Williams and this is worth to be further assessed in the light of entrepreneurial theories (Wolan, 2012). Entrepreneurship has been associated with several theories since long where the oldest theory of economic ones dates back to 18th centuries. Among the most noted contemporary theories there are resource-based theories, psychological theories, sociological theories and opportunity-based theory (Kuratko, 2016). As websites launched by Williams are global platforms, they do not become affected by varied sociological contexts in the world much; however, the rest of the rest of the theories can analyze the reason behind Williams success. Being an internet entrepreneur does not require many resources except for financial support and technically sound human resource (Gillis, Combs Ketchen, 2014). Whether it is termed luck or coincidence, Williams was able to get in touch with the right co-founders along with having a great team to work with as well as did not lack financial support even in his early days. In fact, after Bloggers success he was capable to become investor for his following s tart-ups. On the other hand, psychological theories indicate the presence of an intense inner locus of self-control that makes the entrepreneur believe that his action has the power to influence external world (Espritu-Olmos Sastre-Castillo, 2015). Theories ofDavid McCLelland and Julian Rotter both emphasizes on the innate drive and control that leads a person to success. In addition, the theory of opportunity propounded by Professor Drucker states that a successful entrepreneur must seize every opportunity at his disposal created by social, cultural and technological changes (Mainela, Puhakka Servais, 2014). Coming back to Williams, the presence of the referred innate qualities in the psychological theories are very much there in his character evident from the discussion so far and as far as seizing opportunity is considered being a technological expert and a youth himself, Williams is bound to grab any technological opportunity or latest cultural trend that suits his purpose. The entire discussion on the success journey of entrepreneur Evan Williams sums up the fact that entrepreneurship is a blend of courage, business knowledge and favorable luck. Without any of these three, it is no possible for any entrepreneur to shine and excel. While the impact of luck is controversial and doubtful, no one can deny the role of fortune in business due to the sheer unpredictable nature of it. However, it is also true that possessing entrepreneurial qualities also matter without which even luck does not favor people. Evan Williams, undoubtedly is the right blend of all; if his luck has had any minor assistance in his achievements, his extremely bold attitude and business wisdom has overpowered it commendably. References: Blogger.com. (2017). Blogger.com. Retrieved 28 March 2017, from https://www.blogger.com/about/?r=1-null_user Brown, J. (2014). Evan Williams The Creator Of Blogger and Twitter Shares His Advice For Amazing Success. Addicted2success.com. Retrieved 28 March 2017, from https://addicted2success.com/success-advice/evan-williams-the-creator-of-blogger-and-twitter-shares-his-advice-for-amazing-success/ Cowan, M. (2011). Fail to succeed. WIRED UK. Retrieved 28 March 2017, from https://www.wired.co.uk/article/fail-to-succeed Espritu-Olmos, R., Sastre-Castillo, M. A. (2015). Personality traits versus work values: Comparing psychological theories on entrepreneurial intention.Journal of Business Research,68(7), 1595-1598. Falzani, D. (2014). What makes an entrepreneur luck or skill?. Ft.com. Retrieved 28 March 2017, from https://www.ft.com/content/dcef8160-5dcc-11e4-b7a2-00144feabdc0 Gannes, L. (2006). Gigaom | Evan Williams: How Odeo Screwed Up. Gigaom.com. Retrieved 28 March 2017, from https://gigaom.com/2006/09/14/evan-williams-how-odeo-screwed-up/ Gillis, W. E., Combs, J. G., Ketchen, D. J. (2014). Using resource?based theory to help explain plural form franchising.Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,38(3), 449-472. Gompers, P., Kovner, A., Lerner, J., Scharfstein, D. (2017). Skill vs. Luck in Entrepreneurship and Venture Capital: Evidence from Serial Entrepreneurs. NBER. Retrieved 28 March 2017, from https://www.nber.org/papers/w12592 https://twitter.com/?lang=en Kuratko, D. F. (2016).Entrepreneurship: Theory, process, and practice. Cengage Learning. MacArthur, A. (2016). The History of Twitter You Didn't Know. Lifewire. Retrieved 28 March 2017, from https://www.lifewire.com/history-of-twitter-3288854 Mainela, T., Puhakka, V., Servais, P. (2014). The concept of international opportunity in international entrepreneurship: a review and a research agenda.International Journal of Management Reviews,16(1), 105-129. Starak, Y. Luck in Entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurs-Journey.com. Retrieved 28 March 2017, from https://www.entrepreneurs-journey.com/228/luck-in-entrepreneurship/ Taylor, C. (2013). The Obvious Corp. Takes Backseat As Ev Williams, Biz Stone, And Jason Goldman Shift Focus To IndividualStartups. TechCrunch. Retrieved 28 March 2017, from https://techcrunch.com/2013/04/05/the-obvious-corp-takes-backseat-as-ev-williams-biz-stone-and-jason-goldman-shift-focus-to-individual-startups/ Wahee, S. J., Bhardwaj, B. (2014, June). Entrepreneurial Motivation and Intentions: The Antecedent of Cyber Entrepreneurship. InProceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Innovation and Entrepreneurship: ICIE 2014(p. 289). Academic Conferences Limited. Wolan, C. (2012). Forbes Welcome. Forbes.com. Retrieved 28 March 2017, from https://www.forbes.com/sites/christianwolan/2011/04/14/the-real-story-of-twitter/#1bf83dcd66af

Time Machine Essays - The Time Machine, English-language Films

Time Machine In The Time Machine, H.G Wells depicts the workings of a Capitalist society very well. His representations of the classes might be subtle, but the Morlock is an obvious attempt at representing the lower class on several levels. The upper classes in history have been very scarred of the size and capabilities that the lower classes hold over them. The very notion that the Morlocks are underground not only puts them physically under the Eloi's but also represents to me, a ghetto like existence, that we see in our society today. They are depicted as a dark, aggressive people. Much like how the upper class may look at the lower classes today. The Morlocks come up and snatch an Eloi from above down into their existence. This might be a similar fear that someone of the upper class might have today. This notion, whether true or not, shows a common fear of the upper class to the subordinate group. In history most revolutions occur because of the differences in financial status. The French revolution occurred towards the Bourgeois and the American Revolution, fought to stop taxation without representation (a financial reason). I recently walked through New York City and felt that the biggest problem was not between the races (although that is a problem), but the ever-widening difference between the haves and the have-nots. I believe it might have been Karl Marx that foreshadowed a society with a huge chasm between rich and poor, that results in a revolution from the lower class and overthrows the upper. In his view the lower class would then create a Utopian society (of which Marx did not give detail into) ridding the culture of all the problems imposed on them. This has yet to happen in any revolution of significance. Even many years after the book was written, Wells is still able to depict the fears that the class systems today fear. Nothing has really fundamentally changed, and the Eloi's and Morlocks represent this well.

Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) essays

Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) essays Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurobehavioral disorder that affects 3-5 percent of all American children. It interferes with a person's ability to stay on a task and to exercise age-appropriate inhibition (cognitive alone or both cognitive and behavioral). This research paper will go into the causes and research that is developing in the study of ADHD. This research paper will also go into various treatments and guidelines into understanding and dealing with children with ADHD. Attention Deficit Disorders have become a very highly controversial topic during the last decade. Attention Deficit Disorder, also known as ADD, is a broad, almost generic term for the different types of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders. The Diagnostic and Statistical manual of the American Psychiatric Association offers us this definition: "ADHD is a disorder that can include a list of nine specific symptoms of inattention and nine symptoms of hyperactivity/impulsivity." In addition, the Concise Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia provides this interpretation: "(a) chronic, neurologically based syndrome, characterized by any or all of three types of behavior: hyperactivity, distractibility, and impulsivity. Unlike similar behaviors caused by emotional problems or anxiety, ADHD does not fluctuate with emotional states." About 13% of the school-aged population has the full ADHD syndrome, without symptoms of other disorders. Another 510% have partial ADHD syndrome with on e or more other problems, such as anxiety or depression. (CHADD) Gender and age affect the way the patients display their symptoms. Boys are more likely to have the disorder than girls. The symptoms of ADHD usually decrease with age, but those symptoms related with other similar disorders are said to increase with age 3050% of children with ADHD may display symptoms, although often times less severe, into adulthood. ADHD may be ob...

To what extent, is it possible to reconcile the use of the Balance Essay

To what extent, is it possible to reconcile the use of the Balance Scorecard techniques simultaneously for performance measurement and financial perspectives - Essay Example is dissertation will attempt to trace the origin of balance scorecard with a wide focus on its different factors which might have brought about the development and use of its techniques in different intuitional factors include private, government organization, insurance companies, semi government organizations, hospitals etc. It is fact that the there is no guarantee of knowledge, the new innovations are always there to improve the previous ones. We can relate the modern world to engine of gigantic power that we drive but always fear of rush out of control at any time. This is the juggernaut of theory (Giddens, 1990). The balance scorecard is one of the latest innovations in management theory. From its innovation to date, the authors are still upgrading it. This new management system got a lot of attraction and considerable response especially from American Companies but also from other countries but it turns out that the interest from French companies was limited. The recent survey shows that German, British and Italian Companies are familiar with the concept of BSC and responding companies were 98%, 83% and 72% respectively. Among French companies only 40% were using the BSC. The reason for not using the BSC in French companies may be that, these companies were using Tableau de bord (dashboard) before which is very similar to the BSC concept. Some authors suggested that BSC was developed with the inspiration of tableau de bord. (Bourguignon, Malleret, A. Norreklit, H. 2004) The BSC has stimulated a large and ever growing literature which is now widely spread in business and probably to some extent in public management. The BSC has received approbation in both the business and the public management context. The use of BSC in the public management context has hitherto only received limited scholarly attention. However, accounting and management models should be studied in the context that they are operating in. (Hopwood, 1983) For the last ten years, the BSC

Case Study 3 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

3 - Case Study Example This paper will focus on two major technologies i.e. cloud computing and virtualization that can be adopted by BP to support its current strategy in its quest of transforming its business operations and ensuring it is no longer a serial underperformer. Virtualization refers to a way of creating virtual version of devices or network resources e.g. storage devices, servers, network or operating system. (Lans, 2012). In this case, the framework divides the resource being virtualized into one or more execution environments. In this case of BP, virtualization can be applied by combining its resources i.e. serves so as to serve as one. This is advantageous in a way that having a central server will lead to increased processing power hence faster data processing. Having one central server means BP will incur less costs in buying less hardware and also reduced energy costs since less hardware means less power consumption. (Roebuck, 2011) Fewer personnel will also be required to manage and maintain the equipment hence Dana Deasy’s dream of centralizing and cutting down costs of BP will come true with the adoption of virtualization. With virtualization, BP can create a strategic business environment in terms of resource use and operation with business partners and suppliers. This can be done through the firms intranets and also via external networks i.e. extranets and the internet. This will present BP with a collaboration opportunity of sharing information, resources and ideas with other people and the company hence helping the company respond in timely manner toward situations. (Rainer & Cegielski, 2012). Cloud computing refers to sharing of computing resources over the internet instead of using local servers to support applications. (Marks & Lozano, 2010) For the case of BP, the company through the advice of the CIO can choose to software-as-a-service where they will subscribe to an application but access over the internet. BP can also use

The Negative Effects of Music Videos on our Children Essay

The Negative Effects of Music Videos on our Children - Essay Example The lyrics tend to have a significant corrupting influence on the youth. Particular genres such as hip-hop, gangsta rap and heavy metal are found to be more damaging to children than the rest. The racial attitudes and interpersonal relations of teenagers can be influenced by the music they watch. The later part of the 20th century had seen a disturbing development. The greatest threat to the health of American adolescents in recent decades is violence induced injuries and death. During the 1990’s, nearly 70% of all teenage deaths are a result of violence – accidents, manslaughter, homicides, etc. In 1994 in particular 357,000 teenagers were assaulted badly enough so as to require emergency medical treatment. A further 3569 of them eventually succumbed to their injuries. Adding to the alarm, the number of juvenile arrests for violent crimes during the year was recorded at 150,000 that included 6000 rapes and 85,300 aggravated assaults.

Factors Affecting Average Spending Power Marketing Essay

Factors Affecting Average Spending Power Marketing Essay Introduction: Krajewski Ritzman (1987) Operation management is the systematic direction and control of the process that transforms inputs into finished goods and services. Operations management involves the responsibility to ensure that business operations are efficient in terms of resource use as little as a necessary and effective in terms of customer requirements. At this current age, hospitality has grown up much bigger than even it was expected in last couple of decades. It is one of the most leading business sectors in the business world but in many different forms where efficient service is being offered to the clients using as little resources as possible to gain the client satisfaction. Throughout this report we will be finding how the hospitality operations management performs in the practical business market and necessary theoretical evident discussion will be done to emphasis the aspects of the topic. Part A Factors affecting average spending power (ASP) The average spending power is a compromise or could be called as a joint decision between equal partners in the pricing process such as between the hotel or restaurant and the customers. In the context of hospitality, the customers are usually offered with a wide range of food and beverage items of different price labels which actually brings about average spending power. Generally the average spending power is very much depended on the customer or guests whims or impulse. The spending power could be affected by the following factors Size of income Status Socio/cultural influences Economic situation Key Stages in Product and Service Development There are number of stages in product and service development process, the key stages are follows Market research, Market segmentation, Idea evaluation, Concept development Product development Advertising objectives Create Desire Create awareness Sell Increase market share Develop brand loyalty Customer awareness (http://churchill.ac/moodle/file.php/52/Stages_of_Product_Development.ppt) The features, contribute towards customers perception of product and service The features, contribute towards customers perception of product and service are follows Marketing Research The market research is a systematic way to meet, to store and to analyze of data in markets, competition, future tendencies and other factors affect the business operational process. It is done generally to be to more clients oriented and in other way to advance the efficiency and the effectiveness of the whole operational process. Market segmentation Market Segmentation could be defined as the identification of a subset of consumers, so that a combination of the marketing thinks up to satisfy specifically its demand. Advertising and Merchandising Advertising are generally a paid way of non-personal form of presentation and promoting the idea or ideas, goods or services by a particular company or sponsor intended to reach their desired set of customers. It is the leading marketing weapon in the market place. This process requires objectives like other marketing elements. Advertising Objectives The advertising objective varies for individual organisation depending on the time of advertising. Using this process advertiser expect short or long time benefits. Competition, consumer behaviour, revenue and profits will all influence the advertising objectives from time to time. Opportunities and Constraints Affecting Product and Service Development The following issues are affecting the product and service development Availability of resources; human, financial, and physical resources standardisation, style of service, space utilisation A range of Merchandising opportunities for Hospitality Products and Service The opportunities are Persuade customers to patronise the hotel or restaurant often. Create desire for product/service in the winds of potential customers Emphasise benefits and advantages of the products/ services (http://churchill.ac/moodle/mod/resource/view.php?id=665) Create an awareness of the product Increase the market share Improve revenue Influence the attitude of the public towards the product Improve brand loyalty Confirm in the minds of customers that they have made the correct choice Enhance the desired image of the hotel or restaurant (http://churchill.ac/moodle/mod/resource/view.php?id=665) Methods of Pricing and additional Pricing considerations Methods of Pricing Cost-oriented Cost-oriented pricing involves the determination of all fixed and variable costs associated with a product or service. After the total costs attributable to the product or service have been determined, managers add a desired profit margin to each unit. Cost-oriented pricing method could be summarized as Cost + Fixed profit percentage = Selling price Market-oriented Market-oriented pricing determines Pricing at the same level as the competition. The organization has to assess how its product relates to a competitive product and set its price at a comparable level to stay competitive in the market place.   Additional Pricing considerations Service Charge, Cover Charge, Minimum Charge A system. (http://churchill.ac/moodle/mod/resource/view.php?id=744) Factors in Hospitality Operations affect Revenue Generation and Profitability The following factors affect Revenue Generation and Profitability in Hospitality Operations Factors affecting revenue generation Sales mix It is a way of mixing the relative set of products together and setting up a comparatively lower price than the sum of individual products together as promotion to raise the organizational total sale, but it is actually less than the total amount it could be if it was sold as individual, therefore it affect the revenue generation at the end. Customer turnover Revenue generation depend on customer turnover, if the customer are not attracted by the product or satisfied with the service, they would not come back to organization again and therefore sales will be very badly affected and revenue generation at the same time. Average spending power (ASP) Average spending power is completely depend on the customers will; customers are free to decide whether to spend extra or not. If the average spending power of the customer or guests lower down, the sales will go down as well therefore the revenue will be affected as where there is no sales there is no revenue. Factors affecting profitability Labour intensity To produce goods or to delivered service large amounts of human effort is required specially the industry like hospitality where they are very much people oriented. The larger the human effort against the product or service the larger the amount would be paid and would lower the profitability. Shelf-life Self-life determines the length of time a product may be stored or preserved without deterioration; the length of time it remains usable. If the product or service is not suitable to use it will be left as waste and therefore it will affect the profitability very badly. Elasticity of demand If the availability against demand is not met properly the profitability will go down as sales will go down. The aspects of hospitality operations which are commonly appraised Structuring the discussion Building trust and rapport Objectivity Balancing praise and criticism Setting objectives Getting buy-in Making them motivational Career plans Follow up and action (http://churchill.ac/moodle/file.php/52/Appraisal_and_improved_performance.ppt) Two of the aspects of hospitality operations which are commonly appraised Structuring the discussion The organizations take decisions time to time to carry on developing their products or to improve the service they usually offer. This sort of decision should be taken based on their management and development strategy set by the organisation earlier. The set of decisions has to be structured or arranged in a sorted manner so that they can be used in the future to keep their standards of the product or services. Setting objectives In order to produce or offer a quality service the organisation must set the objectives targeting the goal which they are intended to achieve. The objectives could couple in numbers depending on the organisation and the label of their product and services. After setting up the objectives the organisation will follow the production or operation strategy to achieve the objectives for that particular stage. Reasons for Appraising To identify areas for improvement on operations. Identify areas where products and services are thriving as well as areas of failure. To improve on performances To identify constraints and capitalise on opportunities (http://churchill.ac/moodle/file.php/52/Appraisal_and_improved_performance.ppt) Definition and Description of Pricing Method adopted by a firm to set its  selling price. It usually depends on the  firms  average costs, and on the  customers  perceived value of the product in  comparison  to his or her perceived  value  of the competing  products. Different pricing  methods  place varying degree  of emphasis on  selection, estimation, and  evaluation  of costs,  comparative analysis, and  market  situation. See also  pricing strategy. (http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/pricing.html) In other word, Pricing is a fundamental aspect of financial modelling, and is one of the four Ps of the marketing mix. The other three aspects are product, promotion, and place. Price is the only revenue generating element amongst the four Ps. Pricing is the manual or automatic process of applying prices to purchase and sales orders. (http://churchill.ac/moodle/file.php/52/price_and_profitability.ppt) To develop the price for a new product the following strategy would be followed Developing marketing strategy perform marketing analysis, segmentation, targeting and positioning. Make marketing mix decision define the product, distribution, and promotional tactics. Estimate the demand curve understand how quantity demanded varies with price. Calculate Cost include fixed and variable costs associated with the products. Understand environmental factors evaluate likely competition actions, understanding legal constraints etc. Set Pricing Objective for example, profit maximization, revenue maximization, or price stabilization. Determine Pricing Using information collected in the above steps, select a pricing method, develop the pricing structure and define discounts (http://churchill.ac/moodle/file.php/52/price_and_profitability.ppt) Part B In this part of the report, I will be discussing the relevant practical issues required by the project and presenting some evidential information found throughout my individual research on TESCO PLC, Hancock Road, Broomly -By Bow, London E3 3DA. Background: Tesco  plc  is a British international grocery and general merchandising retail chain founded by  Jack Cohen  in 1919. The brand first appeared after Cohen bought a shipment of  tea  from  T.E. Stockwell  and he used those initials and added the first two letters of his own surname. The first Tesco store was opened in 1929 in  Burnt Oak,  Edgware, Middlesex. During the 1950s and the 1960s Tesco grew organically, and also through acquisitions, until it owned more than 800 stores. Originally specialising in food and drink, it has  diversified  into areas such as clothing, electronics,  financial services,  telecoms, home, health, car and dental  insurance, retailing and renting  DVDs, CDs,  music downloads,  Internet  services and  software. It is the largest British  retailer  by both global sales and domestic market share, with profits exceeding  £3 billion, and the third largest global retailer based on revenue, after  Wal-Mart  andà ‚  Carrefour  and second largest in profit behind Wal-Mart. (http://www.thefree4all.com) Figure and information extracted from (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesco) Figure: The Current information about TESCO PLC Nature of the Product Tesco Broomly-By-Bow offers Food, Beverage, and quality services. They also offers non-food items including holiday accessories, travel insurance etc. The food range comprised with frozen, chilled, regular item. Fresh produce (Fruit, Vegetable) items are even offered there. Range of Product: Clothes, World Foods, Asian, Halal, Afro Caribbean, Greek, Polish Different Influences affecting Patterns of Demand There are number of influences affecting the patterns of demand External Factor Several National customers Several different expectation Religious aspects on foods Halal Food Competitive price offered by the competitor Range of product Current financial crisis etc. Internal Factor Product Packaging Competitive Price offered by Tesco Multi buy product mix offered Product design Value product to attract the customer with low spending budget Tescos backlog Policy Customer expectations and requirements The profile of the client could be defined as description of client that includes demographic, geographical, and characteristics of psychographic, buying guideline, the reliability, and the history of purchase. A complete survey been done to the TESCO Broom-By-Bow branch among the customer and the details are bellow Research Method Primary research (Field research, fresh data) Questionnaire survey (Close ended) Sampling (Selecting set of customer from a larger number of customers) Location: Broomly-By-Bow Secondary research (Existing data) Internet After surveying 100 customer of different age group the following result is been found Figure: Top chart describes the likings on different age group; Bottom Chart shows the overall product expectation to the TESCO Broomly-By-Bow.

Investigation of the Polar Dinosaur Essays -- Exploratory Essays Resea

Investigation of the Polar Dinosaur Today we know through the evidence of fossils that dinosaur and other large reptiles once lived on every continent on earth. If you were a paleontologist in charge of finding fossils where would you look first? In the search for evidence the icy continent of Antarctica would be perhaps the last continent you would think to search. However, during the last twenty years a remarkable number of prehistoric fossils have been found in regions close to the South Pole. Beginning in 1960 with an expedition lead by a man named Spitzbergen, fossilized footprints from non-avian dinosaur showed the region once had a drastically different climate. In the years that followed more fossilized remains were collected in costly expeditions, often to remote areas near the north and South Pole. However, each find can present unique information about physiological adaptations various forms of life made to polar latitude temperatures during the Mesozoic era. An article â€Å"Polar Dinosaurs† by Thomas H. Rich in Science, published in February of 2002, explores the fossil evidence and presents the following ideas about the environment and the types of creatures who lived and adapted to the seasonal conditions present at these polar latitudes. The ice fields of the North Slope of Alaska we know today are thought to have had temperatures ranging from 13-2 degrees Celsius during the Cretaceous period. This hypothesis is based on evidence from flowering plants, and leaf fossils found from the late Cretaceous found in the region. So life around the poles existed in a climate similar to that of Portland, Oregon, which has a mean temperature of 12 degrees, and may have gotten as cold as Alberta Canada’s average of ... ...uld have probably been impossible for life in the Antarctic where a large seaway eventually developed cutting southeastern Australia from Antarctica. The investigation of polar dinosaurs continues with the excavation of a new site in northern Alaska near the Colville River. Paleontologists have discovered a huge, 100 km, slab of rock that spans the last 40 million years of the Mesozoic era. Exploration of this site through tunneling is believed to present a more extensive record of polar dinosaurs as they were over the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. (1) Works Cited 1) Rich, T.H., P. Vickers-Rich & R.A. Gangloff, February 2002, Polar Dinosaurs. Science 295:979-980. 2) Mayell, Hillary, Researchers Melt Polar Dinosaur Mysteries, National Geographic, Febuary 2002, http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2002/02/0225_0225_polardinos.html

Sales Management Project Report

We were tasked with interviewing the sales manager of a firm, in order to analyze the working of their sales department. We chose Atlas Honda as our company for this project and secured an interview with their sales manager, and questioned him in detail about the operational procedures of the sales department of Atlas Honda. This report contains his responses that shed light on the workings of Atlas Honda’s sales force, as well as our evaluation of their sales operations.Selected CompanyAtlas Honda is a joint venture between Atlas Group of Pakistan and Honda Motor Company of Japan. We chose Atlas Honda as it is the market leader of motorcycles in Pakistan, and thus conducts hefty sales of motorcycles every month, employing a number of effective sales techniques in order to make new customers and to retain old customers.When asked why he chose to pursue a career in sales, he expressed his gratification in working to achieve a target of sales against his competitors, the incenti ves offered for achieving more than the target, and the freedom and travel opportunities that only a sales job could provide. His philosophy regarding his sales career resides in giving a proper product to the customer for the money spent by him, and to create customer lifetime value and build long-term relationships with customers.InterviewQ1. How do you see the marketplace today-changes and trends? Ans. â€Å"In terms of motorbikes, there has not been much of a change in the market in reference to commuter bikes, hence little changes have been made to the existing CD70 model as it is still used as a simple commuter motorcycle. The CD125 model has received a deluxe edition, giving it a sporty look to appeal to more image conscious segment.The Pridor was introduced as a 100cc sporty bike, targeted at customers who wanted something in between the existing 70cc and 125cc motorcycles. The most significant change in the market has been the developing interest in sports bikes. To meet t his new growing  segment in the market, we have launched the Honda CBR150 and Honda CBR500 sports bikes. Atlas Honda closely observes market changes and trends and adjusts its product line accordingly.†Q2. How do you view the importance of cultural diversity in the marketplace? Ans. â€Å"Here in Pakistan when we talk about cultural diversity, it is not particularly significant in terms of commuter motorcycles, as customers looking for commuting motorcycles generally have the same needs such as low price and economical fuel consumption, making the difference in culture largely irrelevant. However, diversity in culture has led to a new market of customers who want high-performance sports and are willing to pay more, a market that we have tapped with the launch of the CBR150 and CBR500.†Q3. How do you define the role of sales support? How important are ethics? Ans. â€Å"Sales support forms an important part of the sales department here at Atlas Honda. They assist the salespersons by various means, such as market research, lead generation, making travel arrangements, scheduling meetings, sending out sales materials and review and reporting of sales. As for ethics, we have always believed in serving the customer in the best possible way so as to cultivate long-term relationships.†Q4. How do you expect sales force to follow a sales process? Ans. â€Å"The sales process followed consists of an initial contact, an approach where needs of the customer is evaluated, followed by a presentation or proposition, finalizing the sale, and lastly follow up. Salespersons are encouraged to close sales using minimum amount of resources and with minimum sales calls.†Q5. How do you organize the sales force-is it local or centralized? Ans. â€Å"Organization of sales force is localized, that is to say that it is decided upon by the regional sales managers, who assign the number of salespersons to specific areas based in the amount of current and poten tial customers.†Q6. How do you select salespersons when positions become vacant? Ans. â€Å"Our Human Resource department is responsible for hiring of new salespersons. They prepare a list of candidates and determine which candidates are most  suitable for the position through interviews. Salespersons with prior experience are naturally given preference, however we also take fresh graduates, in which case they undergo a short period of training before starting work.† Q7. How do you train new personnel? Train experienced salespersons?Ans. â€Å"Our training here is very strong because Atlas Group believes very strongly in development of human resources. The more effort is put into developing our human resources the more the company will grow. We generally avoid hiring people from the top universities. Instead, we take mediocre students who are willing to learn and work hard. In this company there is much to learn and we provide training for new employees. As for train ing experienced personnel, every year we send our employees to study at IBA and LUMS.Additionally, every year one person is selected to study at Harvard University. So training and development is constantly observed here. Here we have SAP system in our computers and for human resource we have HAY system. So every person is evaluated quarterly and then half yearly and then yearly. Then the company goes over their weaknesses and provides relevant training and coaching to overcome their limitations.†Q8. How do you select and interact with partners? Determine sales force size? Ans. â€Å"We have a system in which we divide Pakistan 7 regions. Every region has a head called Regional Manager. Then above him there is a National Manager. Then there is General Manager Marketing. Then Vice President Marketing. And then there is CEO. Every region has a geographical distribution in which there may be four or five territories according to that area. We make territories under the regions. In every territory under the Regional Managers there is a Head of Sales, a Head of Services and a Head of Parts.† Q9. How do you motivate the sales force? Use monetary and non-monetary incentives?Perceived success of these actions? Ans. â€Å"There is a monthly target which the salesperson has to achieve and upon achieving that target he gets an annual raise. We use a scale to classify how good a salesperson is at closing sales. If he is close to the target that means its fair. If he achieves his targets that means his is good. If he goes 10% above his target that means he is very good. If he goes beyond that then it means that he is outstanding.So basically there are four categories on which a salesperson is evaluated for the raise in his salary; fair, good,  very good, excellent. Additionally, the advantage for salespeople is that after a year or two there are foreign vacations awarded to them. They may win by achieving the most sales. They are sent to places like Europe, Brazil etc. They get extra money for it in addition to the vacation to enjoy and relax.†Q10. How do you reimburse the sales force for expenses?Ans. â€Å"Laws are defined here for the reimbursement of expenses. No one is allowed to interfere whether it may be Vice President or General Manager. The laws defined here are working on two systems. The first is called Management Executive Committee (MEC). Then there is Group Executive Committee (GEC). Only GEC has the right to change laws because only high profile members are allowed in it. So everything is defined.Every person has a grade wise allowance. Kilometers are standardized. Whether a General Manager uses it or may it be an ordinary sales representative. It is already defined that a particular amount per kilometer would be paid when travelled. If he has to stay overnight then there is hotel allowance. If there is no hotel then there is an independent allowance given to that person. So a healthy amount of incentives are gi ven and they are clearly defined and no one can misuse them.†Q11. How do you evaluate the sales force? Frequency and methods? Ans. â€Å"As I have mentioned we have got HAY system in which objectives are defined. They are evaluated on quarterly, half yearly and yearly basis. After three months an analysis is done on the objective to check whether that salesperson is achieving his target or not. We work on a PDCA format which is Plan Do Check Action. We see whether the targets are being achieved or not. If they are, then good.If not, then we examine targets are not being achieved. What were the problems faced and how can we counter them? This is PDCA. Every person’s job is defined. What he has to do, what he doesn’t, and his responsibilities. He knows the result that he has to produce after a year. Hence, salespersons are evaluated on their achievement of target sales.†Q12. How do you play a role in forecasting? What methods are utilized? Ans. â€Å"For fo recasting basically two methods are used. One of them is by using  historical growth data. We take the data of last three years, sum it up and forecast the market growth. Then there are assumptions and usage of alpha. Factors like history, assumption and the economy are always studied closely when forecasting.†Q13. How do you contribute to the firm’s strategies and annual planning? Ans. â€Å"As a sales manager, the forecasts that are generated by my department affect the company’s strategies and operations. For example, new strategies may need to be formulated when attempting to penetrate new markets, or when introducing new products into existing markets. Forecasts of sales also affect the company, for example if forecasts show an increase in sales, then more salespersons may need to be hired.†Q14. How do you utilize CRM and practice relationship marketing? Ans. â€Å"It has been almost 50 years since people are related to this company. By this you ca n imagine the worth of the company. Atlas Honda has worked hard to develop brand loyalty with its customers. We are providing our customers with services throughout Pakistan. There is hardly a single town where you cannot find a Honda service facility. Almost every city has got Honda’s sales dealerships. At this very moment there are 650 dealers across Pakistan. Then we have developed the 5S concept as opposed to the 3S concept.Normally companies provide only 3S that is Sales, Service and Spare parts. But in addition to that we also provide additional Second exchange which means you can trade in your old motorcycle for a new one. Then there is Safety. Then to satisfy the customers we have customer care department. There’s a telephonic department which takes care of the customers. We are going to introduce new CRM software next month. If you buy a motorcycle today all your information will be entered. Previous issues will also be displayed in it. You would be greeted by your name upon calling the department and your picture will also be shown.†Q15. How have you successfully managed portfolio of products? Ans. â€Å"We currently have 7 models in production. Everything is controlled by the General Manager. We have a very big setup. A very vast one. There are many things under the General Manager which are being monitored by different  people. We have a department of product planning. All the pros and cons of all models are discussed there. Then the marketing department is also related to them.They decide the best way to sell the product. There are no bookish systems here in this company as you study in the university. Many of the books and theories that you have studied, you won’t find them here. We have got a very straight system here. There’s only one channel of distribution. The company makes the product and then gives it to the dealer. There is no such thing as sales dealer or this and that dealer. More than 90% of the pla nning done here is successful.†EvaluationQ1. How effective is this sales manager? Ans. He is a very effective sales manager. He has effectively organized the sales force in such a way so that no territory is left out. He is vigilant about providing training to employees so that their skills may be developed and they are able to work to their full potential. He is a good leader and actively motivates his sales force to achieve their targets and instructs his sales force to foster long term relationships with their customers.Q2. Which of his/her activities are reflective of what you learned in class and what activities differ? Ans. He organized his sales force and divided the market into territories in order to use his sales force efficiently. He instructs his sales force to use CRM to better manage and service customers and to retain their information about previous purchases and problems for easy access. He gives great importance to training and developing his salespeople so t hat they may overcome any weaknesses. And he gives great importance to generating customer relationship value rather than just making a one-time sale to a customer.Q3. How do they differ and why do they differ? Ans. There is hardly anything among his activities as sales manager that differs from what we studied in class, as he has organized and developed his sales force very effectively, hardly leaving any room for improvement.

The Strugle for the California Condor essays

The Strugle for the California Condor essays THE STRUGGLE FOR THE CALIFORNIA CONDOR The natural environment of the modern world has been under siege for the better part of the past century. This has been due to many factors. The waste produced by an ever-expanding human population has tainted much of the natural resources available to both humans and animals alike. Efforts to curb this waste output and to more effectively dispose of the waste have failed in the mainstream. The constant change of the common environment instituted by humans who have collectively sought to modify their own habitat has exacted a high toll on the available habitat for lesser creatures. Constant waste production, poor disposal, and habitat encroachment have combined to render the balance of the natural world asunder. The delicate and intricate balance of the natural world has been damaged by a dominant species that has commonly disregarded its inherent responsibility to garnish its actions concurrent with the world it shares with the rest of nature (Center for Reproduction of Endangered Species. p3). An all too common result of this imbalance is the expiration of entire species of animals that are dependent on precious resources. Historically, the presence of humans has exponentially accelerated the natural rate at which fringe species have met with extinction. Modern humans have followed their own ancient precedent in this regard. Recorded evidence of early human settlement has shown that human presence alone had accelerated extinction rates to several times its natural rate (Center for the Reproduction of Endangered Species. p4). However, it is a different precedent that modern humans have sought with the advent of a new and more complete awareness of our collective role as the dominant species. Several recent advances in waste treatment are offering alternatives to the usual high-output, wasteful societal paradigm. Although habitat encroachment continues to be a s...

Composite Columns From Roman Architecture

Composite Columns From Roman Architecture In architecture, the Composite column is a Roman-designed column style that combines characteristics of the ancient Greek-era Ionic and the Corinthian columns. Composite columns have highly decorated capitals (tops). Typical of the Corinthian capital, the floral ornamentation of the Composite capital is styled after the acanthus leaf. The leaf decoration elements of the Corinthian style combine with the scroll designs (volute) that characterize the Ionic style. The Composite is considered one of the five orders of classical architecture. Fast Facts: Composite Columns A composite is by definition a combination of elements.Composite columns can describe column design or materials.A Roman Composite column combines the designs of the Greek Ionic and Corinthian columns.The capital top of a Roman Composite column has scrolls (volutes) and leaf decorations.Since the Renaissance, Composite column designs have been used in decorative pilasters.Composite columns were originally made of stone, but today a composite can be a mixture of synthetic materials. Classical architecture, including columns, refers to what builders designed in ancient Greece and Roman. A column consists of a base, a shaft, and a capital at the top of a shaft. In ancient times, the capital and the entablature above it were paired with distinctive characteristics that make up what became known as the classical orders of architecture. Size and proportion of each column type was standardized, although today, most people identify column types solely by their capital design. Documenting the types of ancient columns was advanced by Renaissance-era architects like Palladio and Vignloa. In fact, the word composite meaning a combination or compound of different elements was not generally used until the Renaissance in the 15th century. In American English, pronounce composite with the accent on the second syllable - kum-POS-it. In British English, the first syllable is more often accented. The Arch of Titus (Arco di Tito), c. 81 B.C. Andrea Jemolo Mondadori Portfolio/Getty Images (cropped) The Arch of Titus from the 1st century may be the first instance of the Roman composite column. Triumphal arches such as this one celebrated military victories and heroic conquerors - Titus and his Roman army returned to Rome after sacking Jerusalem and destroying the Second Temple in the year 70. World history is filled with military triumphs in one community that are sorrowful defeats in another - while the arch Titus marched beneath still stands in Rome, a more somber remembrance is observed in the Jewish religion on Tisha BAv. The Roman-type of columns can be found in the architecture of any of the regions influenced by the Roman Empire. Egyptian and Perian columns are often composites of Western and Eastern traditions. Composite columns can be found throughout the Middle East, most notably in Petra in Jordan. Bab el Siq Treasury (Al Khazneh), 1st Century, Petra, Jordan. Luca Mozzati Mondadori/Getty Images (cropped) Roman architect Marcus Vitruvius died before he could document the style of what is known as the Composite column - perhaps he would have dismissed this Roman combo column. The European architects of the Renaissance, however, noticed the beauty and practicality of this Roman design and incorporated it in many of their buildings during the 16th century. The well-known architect Andrea Palladio used Composite columns in many of his designs, including in the facade of the island Church of San Giorgio Maggiore in Venice, Italy. Church of San Giorgio Maggiore, 1610, Venice, Italy, Architect Andrea Palladio. Nicola De Pasquale/Getty Images (cropped) The influential Italian Renaissance architect Giacomo da Vignola incorporated Composite designs in the pilasters that adorn his work, including the 16th century Palazzo dei Banchi in Bologna, Italy. Composite designs, being a later invention within the Classical Orders, were often more decorative than structural - pilasters and engaged columns (round columns protruding like a pilaster) provide the essence of Classical design without being full columns. French Renaissance architect Pierre Lescot chose Composite pilasters in his designs for the Louvre in Paris and the 1550 Fontaine des Innocents. Lescot and sculptor Jean Goujon brought Renaissance Classicism to France. Fontaine des Innocents, 1550, Paris, France, Architect Pierre Lescot. Frà ©dà ©ric Soltan/Corbis via Getty Images (cropped) Because the combination (or composite) of the two Greek designs makes the Composite column more ornate than other columns, Composite columns are sometimes found in lavish 17th-century Baroque architecture. Pilasters were often used to ornament interiors, a decoration that provided classic, regal decoration to a room - even aboard a ship. A 19th century carved wooden Composite capital was found in the cabin of a Spanish Navy vessel captured by the U.S. Navy during the Spanish-American War. In contemporary architecture, the term composite column can be used to describe any style column molded from a man-made composite material such as fiberglass or a polymer resin, sometimes reinforced with metal. Significance of the Composite Order Its not the first type of column in Greek and Roman architecture, so what is the significance of the Composite Order? The earlier Ionic Order has an inherent design problem - how do you round the design of the rectangular volute capitals to elegantly fit on the top of a round shaft? The flowery asymmetrical Corinthian Order does the job. By combining both orders, the Composite column is visually more appealing while keeping the strength found in the Ionic Order. The significance of the Composite Order is that in its creation ancient architect-designers were modernizing architecture. Even today, architecture is an iterative process, that good ideas are brought together to form better ideas - or at least something new and different. Design is not pure in architecture. Design builds on itself by combination and elimination. It could be said that architecture itself is a composite.

Book Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Book Report - Essay Example Since its inception, the trend of watching television is growing and evolving. Latest research reveals that the growth in this trend is becoming explosive with new technologies and their prevalent use by youngsters. In her book, â€Å"Television and Child Development,† a psychologist from University of Waterloo, Judith Van Evra presents a comprehensive summary of research about the impact of television and other media on children’s physical, psychological, emotional and social development. She integrates the currently known research from child development, communication and cognitive and psychological domains to present a balanced view that reveals the complications and layers of the relationship between children’s interaction with media and other factors influencing their perceptions. In this comprehensive third edition, Evra has included seven new chapters in addition to updating the previous chapters. Now, the book also includes research about media other than television, for instance, realistic video games, mobile phones, pagers, DVDs, computers, internet, cable and other wireless devices. However, major emphasis is laid on the research with developmental approach towards the interaction between television and children (Bachen, 2007). Newly added chapters explore research methodology, cultural diversity and stereotypes. It includes current perceptions, changing lifestyles, health preferences, nutrition, body image, sexual behaviors, drug and alcohol addiction, internet and media influence on social and behavioral aspects of a child’s development. Two chapters are particularly dedicated to the utilization of modern technology for getting instant and speedy information through internet, influence of internet advertising and entertainment technology, such as music and video games which create gender and social differences, and aggression among children. New addition also covers intervention strategies, media literacy, technological aids,

Approaches to Teaching Grammar Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Approaches to Teaching Grammar - Article Example The apparent limitation of the syllabus was that students were not involved in learning the language due to the monotonous nature of activities. Secondly, adults feel that the language they are learning is not preparing them for the world. The skills of language; reading, writing, speaking and writing were taught in isolation and in a very set manner. Since, we use more than one skill at a time, learners were forced to focus on one skill and the integration of skill development was missing. Speaking was ignored like in any traditional classroom, due to its difficult nature of assessment and requires a competent teacher. All the focus is on writing as it is considered the most important academic skill. The main reason for learning English language is instrumental. Like other countries, this country is also facing recession and employment rates are constantly fluctuating rather deteriorating. Students want to learn the language to seek new opportunities around the world. When this Institution will activate my syllabus, they have to consider that it is learner centered where adults come to discuss debate, interact socially and philosophically and begin to work in teams. The main aim of the course is to make it motivating and interesting for the students. Target Learners First thing to be kept in mind is that the students are a part of society and we have to touch English in the manner it is appropriate. Culture of target language will also be exposed to students to a certain degree. Learning English for my target students is not a total new experience as they have completed their twelve years of education, where weekly 120 minutes were given to language teaching. But the medium of instruction remains Arabic.... First thing to be kept in mind is that the students are a part of society and we have to touch English in the manner it is appropriate. The culture of target language will also be exposed to students to a certain degree. Learning English for my target students is not a totally new experience as they have completed their twelve years of education, where weekly 120 minutes were given to language teaching. But the medium of instruction remains Arabic. Language development is to the extent where the students understand instructions and follow them appropriately, but with some emphasis on repetition of instructions. The students can read and comprehend with the teacher’s help. Teacher is always in control and there aren’t many opportunities for learners to talk about their lives, opinions, and experiences. Teacher takes most of the time explaining to the learners how to go about the written activities. Learners listen to the teacher and do accordingly; obviously repetition o f instructions is in demand. Learners have very less room for creativity and expression. Activities are monotonous and last for the whole period. All the activities revolve around making the learner write in the end. Learners feel bored and there is no excitement as the classes have routine and learners know what is going to happen next. The learners do not find authentic language to use it outside the class but they are able to write an application, letters and etc. What they lack is confidence in talking in English along with the experience.

Ethics Programme business law class Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ethics Programme business law class - Assignment Example Strategic operations in an organisation that are premised on lies are bound to fail as they would be doubtful in the eyes of the potential customers. In this case it can be noted that Google has a code of ethics which guides its operations as going to be discussed below. For instance, it is guided by the motto: â€Å"Don’t be evil.† The most important issues addressed include the need for integrity, respect for each other, confidentiality as well avoiding conflicts. Google strives to create a good reputation so as to ensure that the customers have trust in them. Trust is the guiding principle in the operations of Google. The other most important factor is respect for each other so as to avoid conflicts at the work place. Confidentiality is very important as far as reputation of the organisation is concerned. There is need to ensure that privacy is respected which is very important in the code of ethics for Google. The Board of directors is on the top position in the organisation and is responsible for enacting the ethical code of conduct. The board communicates with the management about the ethical conduct that ought to be followed. The management is in direct conduct with the workers and these in turn also communicate with them the expected code of conduct to be followed. Google has an open communication system but as far a communication of ethics is concerned, it follows a descending order from top to bottom. The board as noted already has the overall authority to administer the code of ethics in the organisation. The management is used to enforce the code of ethics since they are the ones who closely work with the workers hence it becomes easy to enforce the code. The first scenario in which the code of ethics can be applied involve dismissal of employees who fail to observe the privacy policy of the organisation. Drunkenness at work or any other kind of misbehaviour is not

Form and Structure for The Mikado Essay Example for Free

Form and Structure for The Mikado Essay Gilbert and Sullivans The Mikado is an operetta and it is played sometimes melodramatically, sometimes realistically. The main theme of The Mikado is love. Its main content is a parody of general love stories that start and end happily ever after. This makes it humorous. It is also a satire of the British Empress of India, Queen Victoria. * Although it is an operetta, the Mikado is a well-made play; it has a beginning, middle and end. * Yum-Yum is in love with herself; this is shown at the preparation of her marriage. Nanki-Poo does love Yum-Yum but he is only looking for an escape from Katisha, and Ko-Kos love for Katisha is purely to save him from death. A lot of the story is based around execution because Ko-Kos job is Lord High Executioner. Nanki-Poo wants to be executed at one point because he thinks that he can never get Yum-Yum. This keeps the audience interested because they would want to see how an execution would be staged as such staging rarely happens. This is a plot device to complicate the narrative so that the story becomes ever more farcical. For example Ko-Ko receives a message from the Mikado stating there has been a lack of executions so Ko-Ko must execute someone within a month. This makes things more difficult because Ko-Ko must kill himself before he executes anyone else. Structure The Mikado conforms to a structure typical of many of the Gilbert and Sullivan operettas. This structure represents a triangle: First it includes an aural factor of lush, enjoyable music, which get the audiences feat tapping in the theatre. Second, it includes a visual factor of a colourful, striking setting which make the audience amazed by the set. Third, it includes an intellectual factor of a ridiculous, amusing, topically satiric story, which adds comedy, and the audience laugh. The play starts with the introduction to all the characters, making it easy for the audience to understand the characters better. The situation is set and the story is structured, the conflict begins and the action gets underway. The middle lets the story flow smoothly, more comical happenings such as when Katisha wants to give away Nanki Poos true identity. The ending is conventionally and traditionally happy with everyone gleeful. But, ironically, there are no elements of true love in the plot. Gilbert and Sullivan vary the type of songs to keep the audience entertained. There are solos, duets, trios, madrigals and full cast ensembles. Solos are used to focus the scene on only one character and how they feel. E. g. Nanki-Poo. Duets are usually used when two people are in love or if two people have a problem, e. g. Yum-Yum and Nanki-Poo. Trios are used when a lot of information is given out for the audience to take in, e. g. Yum-Yum, Peep-Bo and Pitti-Sing. Three little maids from school are we. The madrigal is sung before the wedding. This song is so that the characters can thoroughly enjoy themselves and it livens up the moment by four people singing the same thing. Probably singing in harmonious unison. The full cast ensembles are there to introduce the large characters e. g. the Mikado; these songs are lively and let the audience imagine what is about to come, Miya Sama Miya Sama.

Medical Intervention for Intersexed Children: Gender Unknown Essay

Medical Intervention for Intersexed Children: Gender Unknown What makes a person male or female? Who has the right to choose what sex a person should be? These are some common questions that parents have to face when their child is born as an "intersexed". "Intersex is a general term used for any form of congenital (inborn) mixed sex anatomy." A person who is considered intersexed has some parts of their sexual anatomy that look female and some that look male (Dreger). In the United States, "intersexed" is a taboo. Most people don't like to talk about sex, let alone, abnormalities having to do with sexual anatomy. Dreger stated, "1 in 2,000 children [are] born with genitals that are pretty confusing..." That means that being intersexed is more common than a well known medical condition, cystic fibrosis (2004). It makes one wonder that since this particular condition happens so often, why doesn't society speak more freely about it? When a child is first born and the gender is not quite clear, doctors will test the infant in many ways to determine which sex the baby should be. Some of the tests include, chromosomal, hormonal, and anatomical. The doctors also factor in the ability to create "functional" genitalia with the tissue that is already present. "Functional" usually means, "the ability to use the genitals for penetrative intercourse"(Yronwode). However, doctors usually choose to make the baby into a female because female genitalia is easier to construct (Beh & Diamond). Holmes wrote, "Invasive surgeries are thus carried out on children who are either pre-linguistic or unable to speak for themselves as legal minors." A child has a right to their body just as every human being does. He/she just does not have a v... ...Alice D. Ph.D (n.d.). What is Intersexuality. Retrieved March 16, 2004, from http://www.pflagdetroit.org /what_is_intersexuality. Htm Greenberg, Julie A. (1998, Feb.). ISNA's Amicus Brief on Intersex Genital Surgery. Retrieved March 16, 2004, from, http://www.isna.org/drupal/book/view/97?PHPSESSID=eeac2c6a4d64c46 410e664b3f75d 424a Holmes, Morgan. (1995). Queer Cut Bodies: Intersexuality & Homophobia In Medical Practice. Retrieved March 27, 2004, from, http://www.usc.edu/isd/archives/ queerfrontiers/queer/papers/holme s.long.html Laurent, Bo. (1994 Nov.). Sexual scientists question medical treatment of hermaphroditism. Retrieved March 27, 2004, from http://inquirer.gn.apc.org/intersex.html Yronwode, Althaea.(n.d.).Intersex Individuals Dispute Wisdom Of Surgery On Infants. Retrieved March 27, 2004, from, http://www.luckymojo.com/tkintersex. html

Finding Self Essay -- essays papers

Finding Self I realize that the whole universe is at my fingertips, as is my willingness to manifest what is needed in my reality. Every experience of life is God teaching me. As I look in this pure state of awareness, I feel this pure energy within my whole body. From the rhythm of my breathing, I feel a quiet state of attunement — one with God. My soul incarnated into a specific form on earth for a unique purpose. My journey is now and exists at this moment, whether I want to realize it or not. Knowing my life’s purpose and acting on it will give me direction and is a necessary step in achieving true happiness. To have this deeper experience requires the ability to have conscious awareness of Soul, or Higher Self. I find my life runs much more smoothly when I let the Universe run itself without any interference from me. As a matter of fact, the less my brain does its "stuff'', the more fulfilling my life becomes...hence more enriched. This above all: to thine own self be true, and it must follow the night and day, â€Å"Thou canst not then be false to any man.† â€Å"But I tell you to love your enemies and pray for anyone who mistreats you.†(Matthew 5:44) Humans are not all alike, one will hate you and the other will love you. The difference in moods is the reason why humans are who they are. The knowledge that everyone is different in some way, will lead to one giant leap on my journey. Loving thy neighbor no matter what, as stated in the Ten Commandments, will enrich my spiritual progression. Not being familiar with my actual role in this Universe at this stage of my existence is at times very frustrating and often very far-fetched. Nothing happens by chance. We are a part of a universe that is forever giving us... ...nnection. Balance, harmony, and compassion are the natural state of my innermost self. Since spirituality is an experience, the degree to which I reflect the qualities of balance, harmony and compassion in my everyday moment-to-moment experience will support my connection to God. These problems are made visible in the two opposite notions of the loss of the self, or alternatively, the absorption with the self, both of which impoverish our sense of self. I will argue against the notion of the self as one that is constantly changing to meet the demands of the competing voices surrounding it. Rather, I will not argue that I must find a vantage point from which to view the world and create a sense of self that persists through time. I cannot be, â€Å"populated with the character of others.† Being a â€Å"self† must mean more than being an image, wearing a mask, or playing a role.

Financial Management Integrated Case 2 Answers

|Ally Zmijeski | |Financial Management Section C | |Homework 2: Integrated Case Questions | Chapter 2 Integrated Case 2-11A) In a well-functioning economy, capital flows efficiently from those with surplus capital to those who need it in one of three ways: †¢ Direct transfers: occur when a business sells its stocks or bonds directly to savers without going through any type of financial institution. This is used primarily by small firms and doesn’t raise much capital. †¢ Transfers also can go through an investment bank that underwrites the issue, or serves as middleman/facilitator.The company sells its stocks or bonds to the investment bank, which then sells these same securities to savers. Because new securities are involved and the corporation receives the sale proceeds, this transaction is called a primary market transaction. †¢ Transfers can also be made through a financial intermediary, such as a bank, insurance company, or mutual fund. Intermediaries inc rease efficiency of money and capital markets. B) People and organizations wanting to borrow money are brought together with those who have surplus funds in the financial markets.Types of Financial Markets include†¦ †¢ Physical Asset vs. Financial Asset: physical asset markets are for tangible products, while financial asset markets are for stocks, bonds, notes, and mortgages. They also deal with derivative securities whose values are derived from changes in the prices of other assets. o A share of Ford stock is a pure financial asset, while an option to buy Ford shares is a derivative security whose value depends on the price of Ford stock. †¢ Spot Markets vs.Futures Markets: spot markets are markets in which assets are bought or sold for on the spot delivery (within a few days). Future markets are markets in which participants agree today to buy or sell an asset at some future date. Future market transactions can reduce, or hedge, the risks faced by buyers and selle rs if the market changes. †¢ Money Markets vs. Capital Markets: money markets are the markets for short-term, highly liquid debt securities. Capital markets are the markets for intermediate or long-term debt and corporate stocks, like the NYSX. Short-term markets = less than one year o Intermediate term markets = 1 to 10 years o Long-term markets = more than 10 years †¢ Primary markets are the markets in which corporations raise new capital, so the corporation itself receives proceeds. †¢ Secondary markets are markets in which existing, already outstanding securities are traded among investors. The corporation does not receive funds from a secondary market sale. †¢ Private markets are markets in which transactions are negotiated directly between two parties. Public markets are markets where standardized contracts are traded on organized exchanges. C) Financial markets are essential for a healthy economy and economic growth because they provide a variety of opport unities for buyers and sellers to meet, exchange goods and services, better address financial needs, and accumulate wealth to stimulate the economy. D) A derivative is any security whose value is derived from the price of some other underlying asset.The use of derivatives has increased in recent years. If a bank or any other company invests in derivatives, it is difficult to tell whether it is an investment as a hedge against something like an increase in the price of good X, or a speculative bet that prices will rise. This makes the firm’s risk profile more difficult to determine. Derivatives can hedge risk if the price of a good is assumed to change in the future, or if the company is dealing with foreign markets.However, if a company is buying derivatives to speculate on a price change that could ultimately benefit them, this is raising the company’s risk because they are unsure of the future worth of assets associated with the derivative. E) Investment banks help c ompanies raise capital by helping them design attractive securities, buying securities from corporations, and reselling them to savers. Commercial banks are large national banks that offer a variety of services to a wide range of customers.Financial services corporations are large conglomerates that combine many different financial institutions within a single corporation. Most started in one area but later diversified to cover more of the financial spectrum, like including insurance or leasing companies. Pension funds are retirement plans funded by corporations or government agencies for their workers. Mutual funds are corporations that accept money from savers and then use those funds to buy stocks, long-term bonds, or short term debt instruments issued by businesses/government.They pool funds and reduce risk through diversification. Exchange traded funds are similar to regular mutual funds and are often operated by mutual fund companies. ETFs buy a portfolio of stocks of a certai n type and then sell their own shares to the public. Hedge funds are similar to mutual funds because they accept money from savers and use the funds to buy various securities, but they are largely unregulated, have large minimum investments, and are marketed to high net worth people.Private equity companies are organizations that operate much like hedge funds, but they buy and then manage entire firms. They are relatively unregulated. F) The two leading stock markets are the New York Stock Exchange and the Nasdaq. Physical location exchanges are tangible entities that have their own building and an elected governing body called a board of governors. The exchange members will sell orders offer the shares for sale, and they are bid for by the members with buy orders.OTC markets are often referred to today as dealer markets, and include all the facilities that are needed to conduct security transactions, but not all are made on the physical location exchanges. The dealer market system consists of the relatively few dealers who hold inventories of securities and make a market for the securities, the thousands of brokers who act as agents in bringing the dealers together with investors, and the computers, terminals, and electronic networks that provide a communication link between dealers and brokers.G) Since Varga is not purchasing the stock directly from Apple, but instead from Smyth Barry, who probably purchased it from Apple, she is dealing in a secondary market; the money she spends to buy the stock is not going directly to Apple, but to a second party. This would not be different if Varga purchased previously outstanding Apple stock in the dealer market, because in both situations she is not giving money directly to Apple, but buying stock that someone else has bought previously from Apple. H) An initial public offering, or IPO, is the first sale of stock by a private company to the public.IPOs are often  issued by smaller, newer companies seeking the  fu nds to expand, but can also be done by large privately owned companies looking to become publicly traded. I) Efficient Market: a market in which prices are close to intrinsic values and stocks seem to be in equilibrium. Today, we have an efficiency continuum, where the market for some companies’ stocks is highly efficient and the market for other stocks is highly inefficient. This is defined by the size of the company – the bigger the company is, the more analysts tend to follow it, so new information is more likely to be reflected in the stock price.J) Part One: If the stock market is highly efficient, this would imply that the company that received the FDA grant is a large and well-researched firm, so the rise in the company’s stock price is reflective of its true value and would be a good purchase. Still, I would recommend warning Michelle that some companies let information like this leak into the public for hidden reasons, so she should do her own research to ensure the new stock price is close to its true value.Part Two: Oftentimes, stock prices at IPO’s and shortly thereafter are the highest they will ever be for the company. This is a result of the hype created by the company, media, and investing world around its first public offering. I would tell Michelle again to do her own research, but I also think if she is the type of investor who enjoys the risk of a new company and the excitement of that type of investment, that if she understands the potential to lose, she might as well buy a reasonable number of shares.